时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:考研英语


英语课

      很多考生在考研英语复习过程中都会对长难句产生一定的恐惧心理,不仅仅是因为它是考研翻译题的主要障碍,重要的是它还与阅读理解这个重头戏有着千丝万缕的联系。其实,无论是多么复杂的句子,它都是由一些基本的成分组成的,只要弄清英语原文的句法结构,找出整个句子的中心内容及其各层意思,然后分析几层意思之间的相互逻辑关系,再按照汉语的特点和表达方式,正确地译出原文的意思,整个分析的过程并不复杂。为了让更多的考生在长难句上都能有章可循,我们在此将长难句的翻译步骤和方法给大家具体谈一谈。

一、长难句难的的原因

一般来说,造成长句的原因有三方面:

1.修饰语过多;

2.并列成分多;

3.语言结构层次多。

这三种情况基本上可以概括长难句的难点,也可以针对这三种情况具体应对每一个长难句。在考研教育网学员中,很多考生一开始复习的时候都会被形形色色的修饰词语所难倒,加上修饰语中很多都是生词,更加让他们感到无助,根据我们的辅导及跟踪调查,学员按照以下方法进行复习时,长难句的得分会在原有基础上高出70%.

二、长难句解题步骤

那么是什么样的方法和步骤能大幅度提升复习的效率,增加考研的分数呢?

1.找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语,从整体上把握句子的结构。

2.找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语动词、介词短语和从句的引导词。

3.分析从句和短语的功能,例如,是否为主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句等,若是状语,它是表示时间、原因、结果、还是表示条件等等。

4.分析词、短语和从句之间的相互关系,例如,定语从句所修饰的先行词是哪一个等。

5.注意插入语等其他成分。

6.注意分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配。

下面我们结合一些实例来进行分析:

例1. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli 1 which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.

分析:(1)该句的主语为behaviorists,谓语为suggest,宾语为一个从句,因此整个句子为Behaviorist suggest that-clause结构。

(2)该句共有五个谓语结构,它们的谓语动词分别为suggest, is raised, are, develop, experience等,这五个谓语结构之间的关系为:Behaviorist suggest that-clause结构为主句;who is raised in an environment为定语从句,所修饰的先行词为child; where there are many stimuli为定语从句,所修饰的先行词为environment; which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses为定语从句,所修饰的先行词为stimuli;在suggest的宾语从句中,主语为child,谓语为experience,宾语为greater intellectual development.

在作了如上的分析之后,我们就会对该句具有了一个较为透彻的理解,然后根据我们上面所讲述的各种翻译方法,就可以把该句翻译成汉语为:

行为主义者认为,如果儿童的成长环境里有许多刺激因素,这些因素又有利于其适当反应能力的发展,那么,儿童的智力就会发展到较高的水平。



n.刺激(物)
  • It is necessary to curtail or alter normally coexisting stimuli.必需消除或改变正常时并存的刺激。
  • My sweat glands also respond to emotional stimuli.我的汗腺对情绪刺激也能产生反应。
学英语单词
abnormal polychromate
accelerator anode
arms control
automatic closed-loop control system
balistoides viridescens
become of age
bellus
boychild
Budapest Zoo
call the attention of to
caster sugar
causability
champignons
channel grant high
chenopodium album l. var. centrorubrum mak.
CHOA
compound norgestrel tablets
cowbells
cuplikest
demyelinating encephalopathy
displacement engine
EKV
embryologists
exposure control stripe
filtration underground
fluorescent tracer technique
four parameter model
funday
fused-impurity phototransistor
ginned cotten
gotbaum
have no further use for
heavy water(d2o)
helices
high impedance tube
host bus
hymograph
Import List from Cells
inobservation
interrupted shingle layup
iskyan
lead the way
looseth
low-thoughted
lunar long period tide
matrimonial age
maxiscooter
McBurney incision
meatloaves
methylclhlorofonmate
misopedia
multi-stage stressing
nadiumotherapy
nephrocystosis
nessel
nonconsumably melted
oxaloacetic acids
Pacific Communications Network
Patricksburg
PC-PFC
physical I/O address
Pocomam
portable belt conveyer
positron annihilation
postillate
prothetic
pulse-converter system of turbocharging
pycnodysostosis
quesadilla
rangemaster
regional motor transportation enterprise
repocketed
repunctuation
response coefficient
Rhododendron dasycladoides
rotary flow
rouennaiss
rules of false position
see good to do sth
self detaching hook
SHCO
single-shear double rivet joint
sphaerocarpaceaes
stably parallelizable
straight fender
surrosion
the enemy from within
the population
thrs
timber floor base
transconductance bridge
trencher-men
tricked-out
two-color diagram
unterminated
upright lock
vertical opener
virtualised
well balanced
wet seal holder
woodlot
xiphonite