时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:2006年VOA标准英语(三月)


英语课

By Peter Fedynsky
Washington, DC
14 March 2006
 
watch US in Iraq 3 Years

Three years ago, President Bush ordered coalition 1 forces to invade Iraq to free its people and defend the world against weapons of mass destruction that its dictator supposedly had.  At the time, Mr. Bush noted 2 that the campaign to liberate 3 the country could be long and difficult. 

As part of a VOA's series marking the third anniversary of the invasion, reporter Peter Fedynsky examines the difficulties and benefits it has brought to Iraq.

--------------------------------------------------------


Saddam Hussein  
  

The Iraqi people today are free of dictator Saddam Hussein.  But the country, apparently 4, did not have any weapons of mass destruction.

Today, President Bush says the military objective is to protect American security by turning Iraq into a democracy.  More than 2,500 coalition troops, all but about 200 of them Americans, have died for that cause. 

Most were killed by an enemy that President Bush describes as brutal 5 terrorists and insurgents 6 who hate freedom.   And Iraqi casualties are estimated as high as 32,000.

"But that brutality 7 has not stopped the dramatic progress of a new democracy. In less than three years, the nation has gone from dictatorship to liberation, to sovereignty, to a constitution, to national elections."


General Micheal Casey
  
  
Despite these changes, the commander of coalition forces, General Michael Casey, says this is a difficult time in Iraq. "We all should be clear that Iraqis remain under threat of terrorist attack by those who will stop at nothing to undermine the formation of the constitutionally-elected government."

That government was voted upon in two national elections held in Iraq in January and December 2005. 

The democratic principle of majority rule has shifted influence from Iraq's minority Sunni Arabs, who held power in the region for centuries, to the majority Shi'ites.  

 
James Jeffrey
  
James Jeffrey, senior advisor 9 to the U.S. Secretary of State and coordinator 10 for Iraq Policy, says this is proper. "What is happening right now is considerable jockeying for positions, be it the prime minister, be it other key ministerial positions among the various groups.  Of importance is [that] all of the groups, including the Sunni Arabs, are participating in this informal, but very active, and I think very positive negotiations 11."

Ambassador Jeffrey notes that northern and southern Iraq are relatively 12 peaceful.  However, he acknowledges that in central Iraq, Sunni elements opposed to the government are sabotaging 13 the area's water, electric, and telephone infrastructure 14 in order to make the country ungovernable.

They are also striking at U.S. forces that are trying to rebuild the infrastructure.  In addition, Sunni and Shia extremists are attacking each other's mosques 15 in hostilities 16 that are bordering on civil war.  Increasing the turmoil 17 are foreign jihadists, who have come to Iraq to kill Americans. 

Many U.S. critics of the war contend that Iraqis now see Americans not as liberators, but occupiers.  
 

Congressman 18 John Murtha  
  
Among them, Congressman Jack 19 Murtha, an opposition 20 Democrat 8 from Pennsylvania who initially 21 supported the effort. "So there is no way you can win a war when you have lost not only the hearts and minds of the people, but when you have become their enemy."

The Bush administration says the U.S. military will leave when Iraq's own forces can secure the country's fledgling democracy.  However, the Pentagon last month downgraded the only Iraqi battalion 22 capable of independent combat to a level requiring them to fight with American support.  

 
Garrett Reppenhagen
  
And U.S. Army veteran Garrett Reppenhagen, a former specialist and sniper in Iraq, questions the commitment of Iraqi soldiers. "They don't really want to do the job because they are supporting democracy in Iraq or they believe in these high ideals.  They're doing it for economic reasons.  So when the going gets tough, and they're getting shot at, a lot of times they'll disappear, they'll just leave if they are threatened."

In a letter to President Bush last month, Congressman Murtha noted that the Iraq war is costing more than a billion dollars a week.  Murtha also urged the reallocation of those funds to protect America's security and global image.  The president, however, says that abandoning Iraq would create a power vacuum, which would be filled by forces bent 23 on attacking the United States.



n.结合体,同盟,结合,联合
  • The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
  • Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。
adj.著名的,知名的
  • The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
  • Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。
v.解放,使获得自由,释出,放出;vt.解放,使获自由
  • They did their best to liberate slaves.他们尽最大能力去解放奴隶。
  • This will liberate him from economic worry.这将消除他经济上的忧虑。
adv.显然地;表面上,似乎
  • An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽,豁然开朗。
  • He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。
adj.残忍的,野蛮的,不讲理的
  • She has to face the brutal reality.她不得不去面对冷酷的现实。
  • They're brutal people behind their civilised veneer.他们表面上温文有礼,骨子里却是野蛮残忍。
n.起义,暴动,造反( insurgent的名词复数 )
  • The regular troops of Baden joined the insurgents. 巴登的正规军参加到起义军方面来了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Against the Taliban and Iraqi insurgents, these problems are manageable. 要对付塔利班与伊拉克叛乱分子,这些问题还是可以把握住的。 来自互联网
n.野蛮的行为,残忍,野蛮
  • The brutality of the crime has appalled the public. 罪行之残暴使公众大为震惊。
  • a general who was infamous for his brutality 因残忍而恶名昭彰的将军
n.民主主义者,民主人士;民主党党员
  • The Democrat and the Public criticized each other.民主党人和共和党人互相攻击。
  • About two years later,he was defeated by Democrat Jimmy Carter.大约两年后,他被民主党人杰米卡特击败。
n.顾问,指导老师,劝告者
  • They employed me as an advisor.他们聘请我当顾问。
  • The professor is engaged as a technical advisor.这位教授被聘请为技术顾问。
n.协调人
  • The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, headed by the Emergency Relief Coordinator, coordinates all UN emergency relief. 联合国人道主义事务协调厅在紧急救济协调员领导下,负责协调联合国的所有紧急救济工作。
  • How am I supposed to find the client-relations coordinator? 我怎么才能找到客户关系协调员的办公室?
协商( negotiation的名词复数 ); 谈判; 完成(难事); 通过
  • negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
  • Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。
adv.比较...地,相对地
  • The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
  • The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。
阴谋破坏(某事物)( sabotage的现在分词 )
  • Mr Smith fiercely denied any question of sabotaging the talks. 史密斯先生坚决拒绝任何企图阻挠谈话的提问。
  • Failed in sabotaging APEC summit in Sydney of Australia. 澳大利亚悉尼APEC会议遭遇惨败。
n.下部构造,下部组织,基础结构,基础设施
  • We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
  • We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设,发展各类群众文化。
清真寺; 伊斯兰教寺院,清真寺; 清真寺,伊斯兰教寺院( mosque的名词复数 )
  • Why make us believe that this tunnel runs underneath the mosques? 为什么要让我们相信这条隧洞是在清真寺下?
  • The city's three biggest mosques, long fallen into disrepair, have been renovated. 城里最大的三座清真寺,过去年久失修,现在已经修复。
n.战争;敌意(hostility的复数);敌对状态;战事
  • Mexico called for an immediate cessation of hostilities. 墨西哥要求立即停止敌对行动。
  • All the old hostilities resurfaced when they met again. 他们再次碰面时,过去的种种敌意又都冒了出来。
n.骚乱,混乱,动乱
  • His mind was in such a turmoil that he couldn't get to sleep.内心的纷扰使他无法入睡。
  • The robbery put the village in a turmoil.抢劫使全村陷入混乱。
n.(美)国会议员
  • He related several anecdotes about his first years as a congressman.他讲述自己初任议员那几年的几则轶事。
  • The congressman is meditating a reply to his critics.这位国会议员正在考虑给他的批评者一个答复。
n.插座,千斤顶,男人;v.抬起,提醒,扛举;n.(Jake)杰克
  • I am looking for the headphone jack.我正在找寻头戴式耳机插孔。
  • He lifted the car with a jack to change the flat tyre.他用千斤顶把车顶起来换下瘪轮胎。
n.反对,敌对
  • The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
  • The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。
adv.最初,开始
  • The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
  • Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。
n.营;部队;大队(的人)
  • The town was garrisoned by a battalion.该镇由一营士兵驻守。
  • At the end of the drill parade,the battalion fell out.操练之后,队伍解散了。
n.爱好,癖好;adj.弯的;决心的,一心的
  • He was fully bent upon the project.他一心扑在这项计划上。
  • We bent over backward to help them.我们尽了最大努力帮助他们。
学英语单词
abreuvoir
accom-plished
acid battery
acid-proof refractory
adnascens
agglutinophore
anchor plant
Bagaroua
baggy top
be under an embargo
bismuth phenolate
Brassica juncea
bronch-
bushs
carpropamid
cartier.com
chloroethyl mercury
clorida japonica
computer and cyber law
conspicuous consumption
control computer interface
data-transmission trap
de-aired clay
design of holding characters in both hands
discharging machine
disgraciately
disharmonious
Drabovka
e-sports
Elephant and Castle
embasement
feudal lordship
Ficus concinna
fire a salute
flight readiness review
flowers of tan
for altogether
forbidden or prohibited act
germ rice
Gestalt, gestalten
glut with
grillos
grounded shield transformator
harmonic field
heat conservation
high-rate discharge tester
horizontal cleavage
hot rolling facilitis
huork
hyperbolic grading
idiogeosyncline
inshurance
interrupting rating of circuit breaker
killing zones
knives linear
left-clicks
lucentamycin
membranous part of urethra
monolepta signata
moringua abbreviata
muck garden
musculus obliquus internus
National Society for Clean Air
noise monitoring unit
overnice
packer setting depth
pauper labor
phosphindolizine
photographic waste
pitting initiation potential
Pleospongia
presanction
qingming
quintuplicating
Ranunculus platyspermus
reciprocal temperature
reconciliation of bank account
recorder jar
recursion relation
retention period
RScP
ruh
satellite temperature
sectio Porro caesarea
self reducing
shiplines
signal rod
slandereth
statistical pattern recognition
tangiwai (bowenite)
tuberculin precipitation
two-flank rolling test
unanalysed
unpossibilities
up-link
veil-
vicarious atonement
wall bore machine
width girth
Wiedemann effect
Yuanlin Township
zone-refined material