2006年VOA标准英语-Heat, Pollution Trigger Health Problems
时间：2019-01-04 作者：英语课 分类：2006年VOA标准英语（七月）
By Carol Pearson
Washington, DC
18 July 2006
watch Air Pollution report
Scientists at the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine 1 Research observed the highest air pollution on record above the Arctic Circle in May. Air pollution has been linked to a number of medical problems including heart attacks, asthma 2 and stroke.
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It is so hot in many parts of the U.S. that officials are cautioning people to stay indoors. Even short exposure to high temperatures can cause serious health problems.
Larry Kalkstein
Professor Larry Kalkstein from the Center for Climatic Research at the University of Delaware says, "Many more people die of the heat in New York, Philadelphia and Chicago than they do in Phoenix 3, New Orleans or Miami, because they are not used to the heat up there."
Heat is not the only danger factor. Hot weather with little or no wind can lead to high levels of air pollution, especially ozone 4. The elderly and people with respiratory or pulmonary disorders 5 are especially at risk.
Last year researchers in Boston analyzed 6 pollution rates in nine major U.S. cities. They found the risk of stroke was one percent higher on days with relatively 7 higher air pollution. Scientists say while this increase may seem small, it has a huge effect, since the number of people living in pollution-prone cities is so great.
It is not known exactly how pollution affects our bodies or how it enters the brain. Researchers say pollution particles in the air may enter the body through the lungs and irritate the walls of blood vessels 8, encouraging clots 9 that travel to the brain.
The exhaust from this train adds to the pollution particles in the air
Scientists at Johns Hopkins University have recently shown a direct relationship between fine particle air pollution and risk for hospitalization from heart attack and respiratory diseases. The Hopkins scientists found these fine particles can reach the small airways 10 and the air sacks in the lungs.
A study from the Harvard School of Public Health found a link between fine particles in air pollution and risk of death. It also found that reducing exposure to air pollution decreased the number of deaths associated with pollution.
The next step for scientists -- finding out which specific components 11 of air pollution are the most toxic 12.
- Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
- When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。
- I think he's having an asthma attack.我想他现在是哮喘病发作了。
- Its presence in allergic asthma is well known.它在过敏性气喘中的存在是大家很熟悉的。
- The airline rose like a phoenix from the ashes.这家航空公司又起死回生了。
- The phoenix worship of China is fetish worship not totem adoration.中国凤崇拜是灵物崇拜而非图腾崇拜。
- The ozone layer is a protective layer around the planet Earth.臭氧层是地球的保护层。
- The capacity of ozone can adjust according of requirement.臭氧的产量可根据需要或调节。
- Reports of anorexia and other eating disorders are on the increase. 据报告，厌食症和其他饮食方面的功能紊乱发生率正在不断增长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The announcement led to violent civil disorders. 这项宣布引起剧烈的骚乱。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The doctors analyzed the blood sample for anemia. 医生们分析了贫血的血样。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The young man did not analyze the process of his captivation and enrapturement, for love to him was a mystery and could not be analyzed. 这年轻人没有分析自己蛊惑著迷的过程，因为对他来说，爱是个不可分析的迷。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
- The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。
- The river is navigable by vessels of up to 90 tons. 90 吨以下的船只可以从这条河通过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- All modern vessels of any size are fitted with radar installations. 所有现代化船只都有雷达装置。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- When you cut yourself, blood clots and forms a scab. 你割破了，血会凝固、结痂。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- Milk clots when it turns sour. 奶变酸就凝块。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
- The giant jets that increasingly dominate the world's airways. 越来越称雄于世界航线的巨型喷气机。
- At one point the company bought from Nippon Airways a 727 jet. 有一次公司从日本航空公司买了一架727型喷气机。
- the components of a machine 机器部件
- Our chemistry teacher often reduces a compound to its components in lab. 在实验室中化学老师常把化合物分解为各种成分。