时间:2019-01-03 作者:英语课 分类:考研英语


英语课

   在四、六级考试中基本上所见即所记,就是考试中一旦出现这个词汇,你只要在单词书上背过,放在句子中就能理解得通,比如,“doctor”一词,你在四、六级试卷上看到它,十之八九意思在“医生”和“博士”中徘徊。但是你如果不了解考研题,把你原始记忆的单词的意思生搬硬套地放在考研的题目中,你肯定会吃亏。比如,还是“doctor”这个词,咱们来看下面这个句子:doctor”一词,你在四、六级试卷上看到它,十之八九意思在“医生”和“博士”中徘徊。但是你如果不了解考研题,把你原始记忆的单词的意思生搬硬套地放在考研的题目中,你肯定会吃亏。比如,还是“doctor”这个词,咱们来看下面这个句子:


  Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in the every-day performance of his routine duties—he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor his reports.
  (06年翻译)
  我们来看句中的doctor,还能理解成“医生”或“博士”吗?当然不能,doctor用在动词不定式 to后面,首先从词性来看应该是动词,那又是什么意思呢?be suppose to 意思是“应该做某事”,be not supposed to “不应该做某事”,该动词词组后面跟了三个并列词组:cook his experiments,manufacture evidence和doctor his reports。这三个并列宾语成分都是动宾短语,应该理解为:编造实验、捏造证据、伪造报告。很显然,无论从词性还是词义都不是咱们原来印象中的样子。
  那么对于考研词汇,我们该如何应对呢?我们在复习考研词汇时,主要应从以下几方面考虑:
  第一、词性。参加考研的学生一定要有这个意识,即:词性转换。这种状况多出现在名词。看到一个名词就要想象一下,若该名词转换成动词该是什么意思。比如:oil 名词“石油、油”而动词“给……上油”;bath 名词“洗澡、沐浴”而动词“给……洗澡”;boss 名词“老板、上司”而动词“指挥、支配、发号施令”等等。
  第二、主体。同一个形容词修饰的主体不一样,意思也要相应地发生变化。比如: angry 一词,在“I am very angry.” 意思是“生气的”;在“angry wind” 中意思是“肆虐的、狂暴的”;在“angry cut”中意思是“发炎的、感染的”。
  第三、词性色彩。有的词在不同的语境中,根据作者的爱憎、褒贬不一,所用词的感情色彩是不一样的。比如,“ambition”一词有两个意思,“雄心”和“野心”。在一个句子中,到底这个词该如何理解,就要看文章作者的态度了。
  第四、单词的具体化。比如:“artist”,看到这个词,大家的第一印象就是“艺术家”,但是看下面这个短语“artist in the kitchen”, 如果翻译成“厨房里的艺术家”,就会使听者不知所云,在此应理解成“厨房能手”。
  第五、文化差异。英汉差异在很大程度上是由于其文化背景的差异造成的。比如:“dog”在汉语中人们都喜欢这种动物,因为它代表“忠诚”;而在英语中这个词常带有贬义色彩,如“不纯正的,不规范的(语言);假的,劣等的,质次的,杂种的(物品)”。所以平时要善于积累课外知识。
  最后,希望大家在考研词汇复习过程中借鉴以上建议,不要只是机械地一遍遍地重复单词,要善于思考,使单词背诵不再单调,提高效率。

标签: 单词
学英语单词
abandon ship training
according to value
alkyl-transferase
anthology
anti-flood interceptor
approach for collecting evidence
arrive make a decision
B. F.
Ban Tha Kham
barometric
beating my brains out
bias in proportional control
bir ganduz
boring for shafting
break down into simple compounds
carbon dioxide acidosis
center of affinity
chechnyas
cleirach
closed bid
commodity flow
consumption expenditure tax
Cranfield fluidics
cubhood
declaration of estimated tax
desmolase
detain for
directaxis
dispersion ladder
drinking game
drug-abusing
dual-role
dum casta
dvo
Echinochimaeroidei
exciting injection
fill or material
flamper
flood-freezing injury
forest regeneration
fundus (uterus)
general adaption syndrome
general aeronautical material
get short shrift
gopalpur
hand-driers
Hypoxis aurea
isotopic tracer
katoh
lease rate factor
levyclaudite
lower camshaft worm gear
magnomious
mass flowmeter
master touch
mechanical template plot
mirabilitum dehydratum
opsoclonia
paleobioecology
paleology
paperscale
Pasteur reaction
PBX - private branch exchange
polar coordinate curve
poliglecaprone
price index regulation
prime line
pumped out
pyramidella lamarck
R.F.T. typing
receiver recorder
relief welding
rotary joint (pneumatic)
Rudauli
SAOC
scanlin
Schellingism
secondary opening
sexual benighted
signal transmission line
simple RLC parallel circuit
single dwelling
single loop winding method
small-end
subducting lithosphere
subphylum urochordatas
SYNTOMIDAE
Takhteh Pol
telephone key
Ternstroemia hainanensis
tetraplocaulous
thak
third differential
to-part
Token Bus Netware
toleranced dimension
trigger stop
unldirectional heart block
vagabundus
Vialpha
Wolbeck
xanthogenic