时间:2019-01-03 作者:英语课 分类:2018年VOA慢速英语(六)月


英语课

 


Lions, tigers and other mammals are staying awake at night to avoid human beings, a new study finds.


Scientists have long known that human activity can lead to changes in nature. Many mammals may move around less or travel to distant places to avoid contact with people. By being awake at night, mammals can also be on guard against possible attackers and spend less time looking for food.


The latest research found even activities like hiking and camping can frighten animals and cause them to become more active at night.


Kaitlyn Gaynor of the University of California, Berkeley led the study. She said, "It suggests that animals might be playing it safe around people. We may think that we leave no trace 1 when we're just hiking in the woods, but our mere 2 presence 3 can have lasting 4 consequences."


She and her team of researchers examined 76 other studies involving 62 species 5 on six continents. Among the animals studied were lions in Tanzania, tigers in Nepal, and otters 6 in Brazil.


Researchers compared how much time those animals were active at night in areas of human activity, such as hunting, hiking and farming. The team found that, on average, human presence caused an increase of about 20 percent in night time activity, even in creatures that usually sleep at night.


Results were published in the journal 7 Science.


The findings 8 are unusual because no one else has gathered all this information and looked at it in such detail, noted 9 Ana Benitez Lopez of Radboud University in the Netherlands. She examined the research, but was not part of the study.


Ecologist Marlee Tucker was surprised that any kind of human activity is enough for mammals to see people as a threat.


"It's a little bit scary," she said.


Tucker works 10 at the Goethe University Frankfurt in Germany. She was not part of the study.


Kaitlyn Gaynor said the change in hours will affect animals that have already have trouble in the darkness. But she said that the changes could also help other animals reduce conflict with people.


"Humans can do their thing during the day; wildlife can do their thing at night," she said.


Gaynor added, that way, people would be sharing the planet 11 with many other species.


I'm Jonathan Evans.


Words in This Story


mammal– n. an animal that feeds milk to its young and that usually has hair or fur covering most of its skin


vigilant– adj.carefully noticing problems or signs of danger


hike– v. to walk a long distance, especially for pleasure or exercise


trace – n.a very small amount of something


consequence– n.something that happens as a result of a particular action or set of conditions


species– n. a group of animals or plants that are similar and can produce young animals or plants


scary– adj. causing fear



n.痕迹,踪迹,微量;vt.追踪,找出根源,描绘;vi.追踪
  • There isn't a trace of a smile on her face.她脸上没有一丝笑容。
  • We have lost all trace of him.我们找不到他的踪迹。
adj.纯粹的;仅仅,只不过
  • That is a mere repetition of what you said before.那不过是重复了你以前讲的话。
  • It's a mere waste of time waiting any longer.再等下去纯粹是浪费时间。
n.出席;到场;存在
  • Her presence lent an air of respectability to the occasion.她的到场使那种场合增添了崇高的气氛。
  • His presence is indicative of his willingness to help.他的出席表示他愿意帮忙。
adj.永久的,永恒的;vbl.持续,维持
  • The lasting war debased the value of the dollar.持久的战争使美元贬值。
  • We hope for a lasting settlement of all these troubles.我们希望这些纠纷能获得永久的解决。
n.物种,种群
  • Are we the only thinking species in the whole of creation?我们是万物中惟一有思想的物种吗?
  • This species of bird now exists only in Africa.这种鸟现在只存在于非洲。
n.(水)獭( otter的名词复数 );獭皮
  • An attempt is being made to entice otters back to the river. 人们正试图把水獭引诱回河里去。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Otters are believed to have been on Earth for 90 million years. 水獭被认为存活在地球上已经9千多万年。 来自互联网
n.日志,日记;议事录;日记帐;杂志,定期刊物
  • He kept a journal during his visit to Japan.他在访问日本期间坚持记日记。
  • He got a job as editor of a trade journal.他找到了一份当商业杂志编辑的工作。
n.发现物( finding的名词复数 );调查(或研究)的结果;(陪审团的)裁决
  • It behoves us to study these findings carefully. 我们理应认真研究这些发现。
  • Their findings have been widely disseminated . 他们的研究成果已经广为传播。
adj.著名的,知名的
  • The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
  • Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。
n.作品,著作;工厂,活动部件,机件
  • We expect writers to produce more and better works.我们期望作家们写出更多更好的作品。
  • The novel is regarded as one of the classic works.这篇小说被公认为是最优秀的作品之一。
n.行星
  • Neptune is the furthest planet from the sun. 海王星是离太阳最远的行星。
  • Rubbish, however, is only part of the problem of polluting our planet. 然而, 垃圾只是我们这个星球的污染问题的一个方面。
学英语单词
aemulans
al-farabi
alice-josephine ponss
Alkaios
Almu
babelomurex fearnleyi
Beradam, Sungai
BH4
bow compartment
burrys
certificate of measurement
chrysalicic acid
coal conglomerate
combined rate
contact tube
cryptomycin
dairy manure
deceptive movement
degree variance of gravity anomaly
delay no more
deposit passbook
development research
dirt waggon
distance-coded reference mark
effective lift coefficient
emotionalized
epidemic-pleurodynia
every morning
explosives and dangerous goods anchorage
fast-breeder reactor
film splicing machine
Flexibak
foreribs
fuel postinjection
Fuller Brush
gastric proton pump inhibit
genus Xenosaurus
greaseboards
haematocytopenias
hard(-drawn) wire
ianthinito
in someone's name
intaglio printing or gravure printing
interchange report
intranasal anesthesia
irb (institute of radiation biology)
Jalovis
kg, kg.
kratochvilova
Krivyanskaya
Kuga Sorta
kwaras
lace making
lead line correction
lerid
let that fly stick in to the wall
letter of application
Nevis
noyer
ossa triquetrum
out amplifier
parotic
pedunculated hydatid
pentyl-
Pikva
pitch element
plaehn
postscarlatinous rash
product development management
program development time
program selected terminal
real-time interface co-processor
rectoblique plotter
redries
riding-house
Rooshian
sampling grid size
Saussurea elegans
sayr
sectionstaining
Septêmes-les-Vallons
servicing time
Spellman, Francis Joseph
squamozygomatic
steall
stochastic approximation
succinyl-Asta
sustained accuracy
Tar-base
The Principle of the Plaintiff for Defendants Convenience
tiracola plagiata
touching each other
tow ... away
trachyneis aspera unilatera
trompe
tyrp
vertical ellipsis
virtual camera
wheel-tread
wooden raceway
Young cocks love no coops.
zinssers